Medical Conditions Associated with Muscle Weakness
Several medical conditions directly or indirectly contribute to muscle loss and weakness. Recognising these links is essential for accurate diagnosis and tailored management.
Diabetes Mellitus
Chronic high blood sugar damages nerves (diabetic neuropathy) and reduces blood supply to muscles, leading to gradual weakness, especially in the legs.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Hormonal imbalances and insulin resistance in PCOS can reduce muscle tone and increase fat accumulation.
Chronic Kidney Disease
Reduced kidney function leads to acidosis and inflammation, both of which promote muscle protein breakdown.
Rheumatoid Arthritis and Lupus
These autoimmune conditions cause inflammation that limits movement and damages surrounding muscle tissue.
Cardiovascular Diseases
Poor circulation and reduced cardiac output impair oxygen delivery to muscles, resulting in fatigue and reduced performance.
Cancer and Cachexia
In advanced cancer, rapid muscle wasting (cachexia) occurs, often independent of calorie intake, leading to profound weakness.
Management Approach
Managing these conditions requires a multidisciplinary approach, addressing both the primary illness and the secondary muscle-related consequences.